Researh Paper- Energy Crisis - 4176 Words

Table of Contents Introduction 2 Problem 2 Current Usage†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...2 Petroleum 3 Coal 3 Natural Gas 4 Nuclear 5 Alternatives 5 Hydropower 5 Solar Power 7 Wind Energy 8 Geothermal Energy 9 Biofules 11 Conclusions 12 Best Choices 12 Implications 13 Works Cited†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.14 Introduction Problem An energy crisis is a situation in which a nation suffers from a disruption of energy supplies connected by increasing energy prices that threaten economic and national security. At the moment, there is an increasing worldwide demand for electrical power and transportation, both which depend mostly on fossil fuels, such as oil products. Because the population and new technology is†¦show more content†¦Coal is used to create almost half of all electricity generated in the United States. Coal is mostly found in three large regions in the United States; the Appalachian Coal Region, the Interior Coal Region, and Western Coal Region. More than one-third of the coal produced in the United States comes from the Appalachian Coal Region. It is impossible to know exactly how much coal there is, because it is buried underground. â€Å"Based on U.S. coal consumption for 2008, the U.S. recoverable coal reserves represent enough coal to last 234 years†(So How Much Coal is there?) C oal provides 26% of global primary energy needs and generates 41% of the worlds electricity, according to the World Coal Institute (Coal Reserves, Coal Exploration - World Coal Institute). Natural gas Natural gas is formed from animals and plants that lived millions of years ago when heat and pressure turned decayed matter into crude oil. Natural gas is usually found near petroleum. Oil is then transported to refineries and distilled into fuel or base chemical products. Natural gas is pumped from below ground and travels in pipelines to storage areas. Natural gas is used to make steel, glass, paper, clothing, brick, electricity and also as an essential raw material for many daily products. Some products that use natural gas as a raw material are paints, plastics, dyes, photographic film, medicines, andShow MoreRelatedImpact of Foreign Aid on Poverty and Economic Development in Nigeria16050 Words   |  65 Pagesemergence of the mining industries. The per-capita income grew steadily and few people were between the poverty line as the agricultural public and industrial sectors absorbed a highest percentage of the labor force. In the early 1980s, severe economic crisis shook Nigeria bringing along with them real and perceived increases in the level of poverty in the country. This was due to factors such as declining prices of oil, the country’s main export, rises in the real international interest rates that compounded

Finding Humanity Of Technology Computer Science

Hannah Mathew Section: ID76 Kristina Johnson 10/31/16 Finding Humanity in Technology Computer science essentially creates the future for the next generation through technological advancements and software applications that can mold the nature of multiple interactions ranging from personal calls to professional meetings to individual entertainments. The insight that comes through the humanities is vital in understanding the cultural implications that come with a sense of place and individuality. Because of the close connection software applications have with daily lives of consumers, the influences individuals face impact the way they receive software products. While analyzing the theme of community through Inside Mecca in correspondence with evaluating the danger of having a single story through Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s testimony, the importance of the field of humanities to computer scientists and software developers can be better understood. Through the global interactions and the unity found in the presence of great diversi ty in both the Haij (Inside Mecca) as well as through the teamwork of software engineers, the influence the humanities, using the theme of community and society, is striking. Through the testimony of a man going on the Haij, â€Å"the most important thing to gain is brotherhood and sisterhood,†¦ [regardless if you are a] millionaire or what,†(Inside Mecca 8:31). Because of the increasing spread of Islam across the world, over eighty percent of thoseShow MoreRelatedThe Science Fiction Film Genre Essay1683 Words   |  7 PagesScience Fiction Films The science fiction film genre has been around almost as long as movies have, but like the cinema it is still a fairly young art form. This genre came into existence shortly after the invention of the movie camera in 1888 and has endured for over one-hundred years. Science fiction is adaptive; it changes with the times and this trend can be seen in its incorporation of other genres, cultural history and technology. This essay will attempt to define the genre, chronicle the historyRead MoreBill Gates Has a Positive Impact on Society945 Words   |  4 PagesWithout a society integrated with technology, communication and productivity would be hindered not only on a person level, but a global and commercial scale. Bill Gates, an American entrepreneur, found success from being the co-founder of Microsoft and designing and developing software for the Personal Computer (How to be a Billionaire). William Henry Gates III was born on October 28, 1955, in Seattle, Washington. He was the secon d child and only son of William Henry Gates Jr. and Mary Maxwell GatesRead MoreThe Visual Arts, Technology, And Philosophy1683 Words   |  7 PagesOne may wonder how much did The Information Age really contribute to society and, more specifically, the visual arts, technology, and philosophy. The Information Age, as defined by Gloria K. Fiero, is â€Å"dominated by radical changes in the technology of communication and the way we receive and process information† (Fiero, 476). The Information Age paved the way for several brilliant artists to not only share their work, but create their work. Artists, such as Andy Warhol, expressed their artistic abilitiesRead MoreThe Ethical Relationship Between Technology and Medicine Essay1315 Words   |  6 Pagesdoctor-patient relationship. Medicine as a science is in perpetual change, while medicine as an art is marked by constancy and fidelity. The science of medicine and the rapid change of technology applied to medicine, involving t he possibility that there may be conflict between the practice, innovation and what the public demand. This conflict could undermine the social contract of medicine and it must be addressed firmly. Provided that the practice is challenged by new technology, the right course of action cannotRead MoreA Case Study1745 Words   |  7 Pagesmedicate agents are the partner with more intricate wrongdoing systems. Medication vendors are hard to find, as they are dynamically going to online markets on the dark web, Drug miscreants in Singapore are given capital punishment. I trust mechanical technology is the method for the future to help law implementation, Soh says. His group is in charge of gathering and breaking down wrongdoing scene proof, and one of their errands is to photo the wrongdoing scene and any confirmation found there. A whileRead MoreIncreasing Number Of Men And Women910 Words   |  4 Pagescourses to incite their interest in these fields. Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, STEM, are considered a staple for success in the United States. Therefore, an increasing number of students are opting for a STEM major in order to improve their lifestyle. This has created a disproportionate balance in society and in the national workforce. As a disparate number of men and women opt for STEM fields, there has been a depreciation of humanities majors, a lack of post-graduate employment,Read MoreTechnologyies Review1233 Words   |  5 Pages Three Technologies Review (From your list of five technologies above, you will select three to review) Web Address | Description of resource | Targeted Grade Level | Content Areas | 1. http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/ | National Geographic for kids, there are games, videos, pictures and information on nature. | 3rd-6th | Science and Social Studies | 2. https://www.brainpop.com/ | It has a variety of subjects with videos, games, and even worksheets. | 3rd -12th | Science, Social StudiesRead MoreEffects Of Computers On Memory : Cognitive Consequences Of Having Information At Our Fingertips1045 Words   |  5 PagesFingertips†, was written by Betsy Sparrow, Jenny Liu, and Daniel M. Wegner. The article was published in Science Magazine. The readers that the author intends to reach are people in the science field, or those interested in knowing more about how computers can affect the brain, specifically cognitive abilities. The purpose of the author’s writing this article is to inform readers about the effects computers have on memory and how a person’s brain functions. The tone of the article is formal and educatedRead MoreThe Significance Of Claude Shannon963 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the 20th century the study of electronic technology was at an all-time high and significant to the development of the worl d. Society was just beginning to understand how vital computing technology was and how much of an influence it could have on the lives of humanity. Efficiently transmitting information electronically in a quantitative form became vital and there are few who contributed more than Claude Shannon in the development in this technology. However, to be able to understand the significanceRead MoreExample Of Joint Research Project737 Words   |  3 Pagesfrom Centre for Women’s Health Studies and Promotion at Ben-Gurion University for finding a solution to mitigate the waste disposal issues in the Negev Bedouin Communities [1]. The Jordanian side of the biogas project was located at Queen Rania Centre for Environmental Science and Technology (QRACEST) at Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST). The Centre develops programmes in environmental science and engineering for undergraduates and graduates, work-specific training courses for

Essay on Celebration of an Eid Free Essays

People belonging to different castes creeds and countries celebrate different festivals. These festivals have both religious and psychological importance. On these occasions, people perform certain rites and thank God for the blessing that He bestows upon them. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on Celebration of an Eid or any similar topic only for you Order Now They gathers together at some place and offer prayers according to the teachings and dogmas of their religion. The rich give alms to the poor. Relatives, friends and neighbours pay specials visits to one another. They enjoy and rejoice in the same way and in the same manner. Thus such festivals bring all the members of society on one platform and remove all social indisciminations. Such festivals have also a psychological significance. We need some moments of rest after the day’s hectic activities. When routine work begins creating a sense of monotony and boredom in us, we desire to have some change in our life. This is necessary to purify us. So usually fairs are held on this occasion. People play different games. Picnic sports are thronged with people. Children celebrate the occasion with bangs and booms. Sometimes older people also join them. They dance and sing with the children. Dainty and delicious dishes are prepared at home. Sweets and cakes specially prepared for the occasion are sent to the near and dear ones. Houses are also decorated. So such festivals serve as an ‘overhaul’ of our mind, body and soul and bring about positive and constructive changes in our personality. Eid-ul-fitr is also such an occasion that is celebrated every year with full religious fervor. The Eid comes every year with the message of hope, love, equality and universal brotherhood. As it comes after the month of fasting, it has especial significance. It symbolizes man’s moral triumph over his animal instincts. The day begins with early rising, a bath, and wearing a new or at least the cleanest possible clothes and spraying perfume on oneself. It follows a donation of ‘fitrana’ to the deserving. Then every Muslim proceeds for prayers. There is considerable hustle and bustle in the prayer ground. To the gay colours of the children’s dresses are now added balloons and toys. â€Å"Khutba† follows the prayer. In this address the speaker throws light on the importance of fasting and the blessings of God that it brings. Rest of the day is spent in meeting friends and relatives and exchanging gifts with them. A part from the religious purpose, the occasion of Eid provides economic activity. There is a great shopping spree for ten days. Both the rich and the poor make purchases for the members of their families and especially for their children who also receive ‘Eidi’ form their elders on the Eid day. The shopkeepers reap a rich harvest of profits. With the approach of Ramazan and Eid prices shoot up. This trend must be checked. We must keep it in mind the spirit of such festivals. They are not meant for personal aggrandizement or personal gains. The main purpose gains. The main purpose of these festivals is to bring hope and happiness in the life or those from whom fate has turned its face. How to cite Essay on Celebration of an Eid, Essays

Heros free essay sample

My Hero In your life people come and go, but there is always that one person or people who you will always remember, and those are the ones that you admire or look up to. The simple acts of heroism are often overlooked- thats very clear to me not only in war but in peace. (Oliver Stone p. 3) People can walk by the homeless and think they arent important but in reality most of them are. Most of them are veterans from war who saved us and our ancestors. Within these walls they were born, and here they shall die. (Benjamin Franklin p. 2) In todays society, teenagers and kids look up to celebrities, the unrealistic people ho have money solely by fame. Some do look up to good celebrities though. They could be Taylor swift who donated 4 million to the Country Hall of Fame or even who supports the anti-bullying campaigns such as Mean Stinks and Love is Louder. We will write a custom essay sample on Heros or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To me, you should look up to more realistic people that you see every day like, The teenager who says no to crack.. .The kid who stands alone Instead of Joining a gang, People who take risks despite fear. (Oliver Stone p. 5) Its so crazy to think that the people around us are true heroes. Even little things such as dogs for the disabled are considered heroes. A boy helping an old lady cross the street, kids that stand up for others, and even people who volunteer at homeless shelters Just to see a smile on someones face. Those are the true heroes.But, after all this talk of heroes, I can tell you who my hero Is. That special someone dear to my heart Is my Grandpa. He literally saved me from dying. He rescued me and helped give me a better life. Without him, I would end up pregnant, doing drugs, and an alcoholic. But no, he picked me up and carried me through life. I am the person I am today because of him and I thank him for that. He believed In me when no one else did. He Is my hero.

3 Steps to Finding Your Dream Job

3 Steps to Finding Your Dream Job We talk a lot about combing job posts, grooming your resume, and sharpening your interview skills. These are definitely important techniques, but they may not be worth all the stress if you’re not also taking a look at yourself and your future to decide what you really want to be when you grow up. Here are some tips on how to find not just a job for you, but  the job for you.1. Know YourselfWhat do you actually want? What do you like doing? What is your largest priority in finding a workplace? Is it the day-to-day responsibilities that need to feel most meaningful? The flexibility it allows you to have in your home life? These priorities can change over time, of course, but it’s important to take a really honest look at yourself before you get started.Ask yourself these questions:What would you be doing if money wasn’t an option?What industries would allow you to involve that skill or field in your day to day work?Do you like working closely and collaboratively with others?Do you prefer autonomy and independence?How interested are you in management opportunities?Do you like the set of skills you’ve currently amassed or do you need to pursue new, more exciting areas of learning?2. Model SuccessYou know how geese migrate with the seasons, flying in those characteristic V patterns? They do that to share the burden of flying right in the face of the wind.  It is okay to be the second goose in the V. Really.The real-life translation of this avian metaphor is simply, find someone who’s doing what you want to do be doing. Learn from them. Ask about the challenges they’ve faced and the lessons they’ve learned as they overcame them. See if they’re actually as happy in their current situation as you imagine they are from the outside.I have a mentor who’s doing exactly the kind of work I thought I always wanted to be doing- but once I saw how much effort she put in and how little that work was valued by he r colleagues or her supervisors, I decided to change course, keep my eggs in multiple baskets, and make sure I had a fall-back plan in case all that effort started to feel like it wasn’t well spent on my chosen career path.3. Find 2-3 Companies that Amaze YouThis is what my mom did when she went back to work after staying home with my little brother. She’d had a few years of clerk and paralegal work when I was very young, then she’d taken that time away. When it was time to make her way back into the workforce, she started by researching local companies with openings that shared values with the government agency where she really wanted to land. Picking out immediate places to apply based on long-term priorities helped her get started in a large corporate office and bring her computer and legal knowledge up to speed, making her  a shoo-in when she finally saw an opening at her ideal job.Now she’s been there for nearly 20 years. The advice she always give s me, and I hate hearing, is to look for places where you want to work and get on their radar before they’re searching for applicants. As soon as that job posting goes up, you could have hundreds of other resumes to compete with; get in there for an informational interview or on a word-of-mouth referral, and you’re going to stand out.The Secret To Discovering Your Dream JobRead More at Careerealism

75 Idioms and Expressions That Include Break

75 Idioms and Expressions That Include Break 75 Idioms and Expressions That Include â€Å"Break† 75 Idioms and Expressions That Include â€Å"Break† By Mark Nichol Break and its various forms are found in a number of idioms and expressions. Here is an extensive but likely incomplete list of such usages. 1. All hell break(s) loose: chaos ensues 2. Break bad: defy authority 3. Break bread: to dine together, thus symbolizing peace and cooperation 4. Break a code: figure out a system for disguising communication 5. Break a law: do something illegal 6. Break a leg: an expression from the performing arts equivalent to â€Å"Good luck† 7. Break a/the record: exceed the previous best performance 8. Break a habit: stop doing something one does regularly 9. Break a story: be the first journalist to report on an incident or issue 10. Break away: separate from a group 11. Break (one’s) back: expend a great deal of effort for a result 12. Break (one’s) balls: overwhelm or overwork someone 13. Break camp: pack equipment at a campsite in preparation for departure 14. Break down: physically or emotionally collapse, or reduce something to its constituent parts 15. Break even: end up with the same amount of money one had before investing or gambling 16. Break faith: cease to support, or to abide by a promise 17. Break (one’s) fall: prevent a fall of one’s body that might have caused injury 18. Break for: pause for 19. Break formation: cease to operate in an established formation or pattern 20. Break free: release oneself from a literal or figurative restraint 21. Break (one’s) heart: suffer emotional distress 22. Break ground: begin construction 23. Break in (or into): enter by force 24. Break (one) in: introduce someone to something, or initiate someone into something 25. Break it up: an admonition to stop what one is doing, especially arguing or fighting 26. Break loose: separate from 27. Break into a gallop: suddenly increase one’s pace to a gallop while riding a horse 28. Break new ground: begin something new or do something different 29. Break (one) of (something): cause someone to stop doing something habitual 30. Break of dawn: beginning of the day 31. Break off: stop or cease 32. Break open: forcibly open 33. Break out: forcibly remove something from something else, literally or figuratively escape, burst forth suddenly, separate (as into groups), or develop pimples 34. Break out in a cold sweat: become suddenly nervous or frightened so that one literally or figurative perspires 35. Break out in a rash: suddenly develop a skin condition 36. Break out in tears: suddenly begin crying 37. Break ranks: cease to adhere to a certain opinion or cause 38. Break silence: cease to refrain from speaking about something 39. Break (one’s) stride: suddenly stop walking 40. Break the back of: reduce the power or end the domination of 41. Break the bank: use all of one’s funds 42. Break the fourth wall: address an audience directly rather than act as if there is no audience (said of an actor) 43. Break the ice: do something to alleviate awkwardness or nervousness 44. Break the mold: do something differently than it has been done before, or, in the case of a comment that â€Å"They broke the mold when . . . ,† a sentiment that someone or something has no equal 45. Break the news: share (often unpleasant) information 46. Break the silence: speak up about a topic previously avoided 47. Break the spell: end a period in which one experienced delight 48. Break through: overcome 49. Break (something) to (someone): provide (usually unpleasant) news or information 50. Break up: to separate into pieces 51. Break up with: to end a romantic relationship with 52. Break wind: create flatulence 53. Break with: end a relationship with 54. Break with tradition: deviate from custom or standard practice 55. Break (one’s) word: renege on a promise 56. Breaking point: the limit of physical or emotional endurance 57. Broke: out of money 58. Broken arrow: military jargon or code referring to an accident involving nuclear weaponry or to a request for air support for a threatened position 59. Broken dreams: unfulfilled aspirations 60. (Sound like a) broken record: sound repetitive, like a vinyl record that skips and therefore repeatedly plays a sound 61. Broken reed: unreliable person (on the analogy of the broken reed of a reed instrument) 62. Even break: even chance 63. (Make a) clean break: escape without complications, or start over again 64. Give me a break: said to express skepticism or exasperation 65. Go for broke: risk everything 66. If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it: don’t try to improve something that works well 67. Lucky break: fortunate occurrence 68. Make a break for it: attempt to escape or get away 69. Make or break: said of a critical action that will result in significant success or failure 70. Sticks and stones may break my bones but names will never hurt me: a child’s response to name-calling expressing that he or she is not injured by the name-calling 71. Take a break: pause while working 72. That’s the breaks/them’s the breaks: an expression of mild sympathy for bad luck 73. The straw that breaks the camel’s back: the final unfortunate or unpleasant incident that results in abandoning or rejecting a situation 74. Tough break: bad luck 75. You cannot make an omelet without breaking eggs: a saying referring to the fact that sacrifices must be made to obtain desirable results Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a UK Business LetterThe Possessive Apostrophe5 Ways to Reduce Use of Prepositions

Joni Mitchell Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Joni Mitchell - Essay Example Her songs communicate her emotions powerfully, and she connects with her listeners directly and honestly. The album Blue consist of songs that are confessional in nature, where Joni Mitchell reveals her anguish of self discovery concerning her past actions based on selfishness and dogmatic beliefs, which led to her losing important relationships. The artiste is commended by her listeners and critics for her lack of subterfuge or self-justification (Bego 2005). Thesis Statement: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the music of Joni Mitchell and her album Blue released in 1971; to determine whether there is a relationship between popular music and wider social, cultural and political issues; to examine the album Blue’s genre, and its lyrical and music creativity. Further, the album’s impact on popular music and on wider culture as a whole will be determined. The Relationship Between Popular Music and Social, Cultural and Political Issues Joni Mitchell’s son gs in the album Blue are acknowledged to be poetic and forthright, with a complexity of emotions depicting raw feelings, the beauty of love, the sadness of loss, and the singer’s confession of her own part in creating her failed relationships. Thus, Blue is considered to be the â€Å"quintessential confessional singer/ songwriter album† (Bego 2005: 100). Generally, popular music goes through changing genres and styles, and forms one aspect of popular culture, along with advertising, films, and other parameters of public interest. During the last few decades of the twentieth century, popular culture in the west became established through its music as a â€Å"predominant, social, cultural, political and economic force† (Walker 2007: 18). The sales of audio-visual recordings, the performance of live shows, and related processes produce high economic returns. This has created an ostensibly limitless earning capacity for pop megastars, thereby raising them to the ver y heights of socio-political and cultural prominence. The increasing power of popular culture, mostly led by popular music has been evident over the last five decades. Until Rock ‘n’ Roll emerged in the mid-1950s, popular music utilized core elements of music, particularly in melody and harmony. This progressed to the recent historical diatonic traditions of western art music. From well-established rhythm and blues traditions, emerged Rock ‘n’ Roll’s vigorous and powerfully hypnotic rhythm and dance. Diatonic melody and harmony was decreasingly relied upon. In the beginning, after an initial hostility to what many people considered as overtly sexual depictions of the rhythm, the words and the music, rock ‘n’ roll was accepted as an alternative style of popular music, and in the duration of a few decades, it became the preferred cultural mode and norm of music expression. Thus, â€Å"from an interesting 1950s socio-cultural phenomenon to mainstream cultural domination by the 1990s† (Walker 2007: 18), the transformation of popular music appears radical in its magnitude. As a result of the changes, in the 21st century now, the term â€Å"music† has become synonymous for many people with rock and pop music. Musicians and singers frequently express their political protest through their musical performances. Protesting through music became a popular

Selfies Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Selfies - Assignment Example However, some older people are trying to use selfies in the quest of associating themselves with the young generation. Selfies are though to have more benefits than disadvantages and have attracted the attention of the older generation which has been trying to use selfies to associate with the youth. Selfies are self taken photographs and with the right photo angle and posture, selfies may result in eye catching portraits, images and photos (Kraus, 2005). Selfies were not known before 2005. As camera mobile phones started to be popular, self portraits started to be appreciated. People started taking their own photos in different places and time. When social media came into being, people felt that it would be a good idea to share their selfies with their friends and family. Argument Block One Some people in the society feel that selfies are not good while others believe that they are good for the young adults and teenagers. Critics of selfies claim that the young especially those who have not gotten to adulthood may not know the limits of taking selfies. True to that, some adolescents may go to the extent of taking inappropriate selfies for example naked images. Though they are self taken and probably in secret, they would not have a good image if they are shared through the social media. Proponents of selfies disregard this claim stating that the self taken portraits are for self expression. As such, they should not matter how they are taken as long as they are expressing an issue or concern (Day, 2013). A teenager may take a selfie of some part of the body like to hear the comments of their friends for example. Teenagers that are vulnerable to relatively inappropriate selfies are those that are weight gain sensitive yet their friends are spread across the country or the globe. They would want to request their friends to comment yet they want instantaneous answers or responses after they are informed they look in a certain way, for instance being told they look fat. Some people can go to the extent of taking a selfie of their entire body to get the right response from their friends. People taking such selfies should use friend specific message media that is specific to their friends. Selfies of such nature should only be sent after requesting their friends accordingly and they approve the suggestion. Argument Block Two Other critics claim that selfies may have negative effects on especially young adolescents and teenagers. Material of all nature is shared through the social media and those who do not have certain knowledge may be curious. As such, they may try experimenting and trying out some things on their own. They are usually afraid to ask their parents. Inappropriate selfies may in fact change the behavior and perception of adolescents towards certain things. Even so, those in support of selfies claim that the content is somehow regulated. Most social media websites cannot be used by those less than thirteen years. By the time someo ne is thirteen years, they know a lot about their bodies. In that case, they would not be adversely affected in case they come across inappropriate images. At the same time, the chances of inappropriate images being posted over the social media is relatively low. In addition, social media sites do not encourage posting of inappropriate selfies. People who are likely to post inappropriate images and content are socialites. It would be extremely hard for adolescents and teenagers having socialites as their friend through social media. However, it cannot be ignored that some teenagers know such celebrities and may search for them on the internet and come across inappropriate content. Argument Block Three Critics argue that selfies are not good and may have a negative

Principles of Information Systems in Business and Organizations Essay

Principles of Information Systems in Business and Organizations - Essay Example Using this Zoho writer one can publish items directly to a blog and can save and import a range of text document formats, from Microsoft Word to HTML. One can import a document from one's computer or from any other web-page. But it raises a question, why should one import a file rather than accessing it on his own computer! There is no need to register in this website. One can easily access this website from anywhere by using his/her google e-mail id. The other main disadvantage noticed here is that, not two or more applications are made available in one page. In comparison, Google Docs (http://docs.google.com/), a well designed online application that helps user to prepare a Document, Spreadsheet, Presentation and Form. Also, the work done can be shared by others to get online reviews. The application is found to be highly professional with all the basic tools and functionalities available in a stand-alone word processing application. Also, as four applications are made available in one browser page, people tend to use google docs than any other application. The main features of this application is one can allow the list of persons who can access their documents.

Quality Control Systems and Customer Satisfaction at Tesco

Quality Control Systems and Customer Satisfaction at Tesco TQM focuses on the ways in which these processes can be managed with two key objectives: 1 100% customer satisfaction 2 Zero defects Quality Management focuses strongly on the consequence of the relationship between customers (internal and external) and supplier. These are known as the quality chains and they can be broken at any point by one person or one piece of equipment not meeting the requirements of the customer. Failure to meet the necessities in any part of a quality chain has a way of multiplying, and failure in one part of the system creates problems elsewhere, leading to yet more failure and problems, and so the situation is exacerbated. The ability to meet customers (external and internal) requirements is vital. To accomplish quality throughout a business, every person in the quality chain must be trained to ask the following questions about every customer-supplier chain: Designed to give products that will satisfy our customers hope. The main considerations for listing Dairy products in Tesco are:- Safety All products must meet our microbiological standards throughout there shelf life. Quality The products must look great as well as taste delicious. Legality All legal requirements such as compositional standards and labeling must be met. Customer Focus Products will only be sold if there is a customer need for them and they deliver a fit for purpose solution. Produce standards ensure that all Tesco fruit, salad, vegetables and horticultural products have the highest standards of food safety and quality. They also address environmental considerations and labor standards. Produce Codes of Practice apply from production; from the selection of raw materials to harvesting and then packaging and distribution to Tesco stores They cover the design and maintenance of buildings and processing equipment including field rigs The welfare and training of personnel involved in the production process Environmental considerations within Natures Choice Tesco consults Industry Bodies, Professional Associations, Food safety experts and environmental experts to advise on all aspects of production. We also seek advice from with our suppliers and growers when agreeing what standards can be achieved. Natures Choice is an Integrated Crop Management System (ICMS) which has been running within the Tesco Produce Department since its conception in 1991. Tesco Natures Choice Ethical Standards Quality No one tries harder for customers Understand customers better than anyone. Be energetic, be innovative and be first for customers. Use strengths to deliver unbeatable value to customers. Look after people so they can look after customers. The target of cross-departmental survey considered some of the values which staff themselves wanted to see in Tesco: Values associated with customer service. Job satisfaction, Trust, fairness and integrity Open and honest communication teamwork, Quality standards Motivation Profitability Commitment Success and continual improvement The survey exposed that the Retail section came closest to reaching an ideal; Retail which had already been involved in programs to advance customer relations was followed by Head Office, and the Distribution section was in third place. Return surveys carried out show that each section has met or got close to the Main Boards original target. Meanwhile, the target has been stirred in line with their latest vision. The different sectors have maintained the programs in order to reach the new target and further develop their performance. TASK FOUR QUALITY PROGRAMS Quality Programs One of Tescos key business strategies on inward bound the Irish market in 1997 was to build close relationships with the Irish supplier-base to increase the amount of business with Irish suppliers producing Tesco own brand products and branded goods for stores in Ireland and for export to the UK and to the wider Tesco Group. Tesco Ireland put a 12-strong team of technical, quality and trade development experts in place to work with supplier companies construction their product development skills and market expertise, to help them prosper in a rapidly changing commercial environment. Over 130 companies have benefited from the program to date, including Bewleys, Country Crest, Dublin Meath Growers, and Glanbia, Gold star Meats, Irish Yoghurts, Lir Chocolates, Largo Foods and Shannon Minerals. These 130 agreed Irish suppliers of Tesco brand now supply over 1,000 food and non-food products to Tesco Ireland, and to the wider Tesco Group, including eggs, ham, rashers, beef, fish, milk, cheese, bread, burgers, bottled water, biscuits, ice cream, jam and the full range of Irish fruit and vegetables. Only 20 companies were permitted suppliers in 1997, before the program started. As a result of this program, and other support for Irish suppliers, Tesco now buys over É1.5 billion worth of goods from some 800 Irish companies, over 80% of which are small to medium sized enterprises. É400 million-worth of products are exported to Tesco in Britain annually. Supplier companies have created 1,025 new jobs as a result of improved business from Tesco. Tesco is now the largest Training and Development programs As an innovative and vigorous company in the highly competitive retail environment, learning and progression from within the company is core to our operation. Training forms a vital part of staff development, focusing on our key business priority of continually improving our service to customers. We support our people to accomplish their potential through access to specially-tailored training programs, and core skills workshops including effective meeting management, presentation skills, influencing, root cause analysis, personal efficiency and communication skills. All staff has regular performance reviews with their managers and agrees personal development plans (PDPs), setting clear personal performance objectives. This ensures that all staff has the right skills to do their jobs. Supply Chain Labor Standards It is aim to act responsibly in our commercial and trading activities. The welfare and safety of the employees of our suppliers is vital. It expects all our suppliers to extend fair and honest contact to their employees and to all with whom they do business. We have developed a new course for our technical managers to raise their awareness of ethical issues and worker welfare in the supply chain. We will continue to train all new technical managers in this way. Managing standards across our large and complex own brand supply base is a challenge, but Tesco is committed to working with our suppliers to maintain, develop and improve standards. Benchmarking Compliance with all components of the key elements will lead to support of a submitted standard through the Initiative framework and subsequent getting by retailers. Once a food standard has been benchmarked successfully, the standard is acknowledged. The conforming benchmarked food safety standard can be applied by food suppliers throughout the whole supply chain, upon agreement with retailers, when defining contracts for sourcing of products. The application of the benchmarked standards to particular products will be at the maturity of retailers and suppliers. Staff feedback Buyer of Irish food in the world Viewpoint is Tesco Irelands annual staff survey, which provides all employees with a channel for communicating their views and opinions, and informs company management on how things could be done better and simpler for staff. Areas privileged include: emotional loyalty, satisfaction with current role and manager and clarity of role purpose alongside level of satisfaction with career progression, pay and benefits as well as general demographics. Each line manager receives a report on their teams overall responses, and they then work with the team to address areas which the survey has highlighted as requiring attention. Over 90% of staff contributes to Viewpoint surveys. In addition to providing a means to holding Tescos high standards together, the Tesco-Verax programs are probable to produce other benefits which include: Helping staff give a better service to the business. More substitution between departments as people make better use of their individual skills.

Eric Arthur Blair :: essays research papers

Eric Blair’s fictional name was George Orwell , born June 25,1903 in Motihari, India . At that time â€Å"India was part of the British Empire†(Orwell page 1 of 4). This was near the turn of the century, so not many people could afford to move to India with out the â€Å"British Empire†(Orwell pg. 1 of 4). Eric’s father Richard Blair was an agent of the Opium Department of the Indian Civil Service.Blair’s Grandfather served in the Indian Army for sometime before Blair’s birth. His family was â€Å" not very wealthy [Blair] later described them as lower-upper-middle class†(Orwell pg.1of 4). In fact, they owned no property or held any investment what’s so ever. When Eric was about 8 his family moved back to England and moved to a town called Henley, although his father still worked in India. Being middle-class, going to school was tough; however, his parents sent him to a private school in Sussex at the tender age of 8. By the time he was 13 he had received a â€Å"scholarship to Wellington, and soon after another to Eaton, the famous public school†(Orwell pg.1 of 4). After being forced to be good in school, he was not interested in â€Å"anymore †¦ further mental exertion†(Orwell pg. 1 of 4). So he decided to go with his private ambition, to write. At the beginning he writes â€Å" At the age of five or six [he] knew that he would be-must be a writer†(Orwell pg1 of 4). He made up his mind fast unlike many other writers. However, to be a writer one has to read literature. However, at Eaton English Lit. was not a major subject, because â€Å"most boys [ that went to Eaton] came from backgrounds either irremediably unliterary or so literary that to teach them English Literature would be absurd†(Orwell pg.1 of 4). Although he wanted to become a writer he finished â€Å"138th of 167†(Orwell pg. 2 of 4). After this he decided to join the Indian imperial Police ; however, he later left after 5 years in service. This was distracting him from his main lifestyle, a writer and because â€Å" wished to escape from †¦every form of man’s dominion over man†(Orwell pg. 2 of 4). In London he settled down into a â€Å"grotty bedroom†(Orwell pg.2 of 4). And started to teach himself how to write. He was now twenty-four and â€Å"week after week he remained in his unheated bedroom†(Orwell pg. 2 of 4). It was so cold that he â€Å"[thawed] his hands over a candle when they became to numb to write†(Orwell pg. 2 of 4).

Cowgirl Chocolates Essay

1. What are some of the critical strengths and weaknesses of Cowgirl Chocolates that determine the success of this small business? Can the weaknesses be overcome by the strengths of the business? Some of the critical strengths of Cowgirl Chocolates that determine the success of this small business include product differentiation, quality, flexible return policy, and personalization. Cowgirl Chocolates is very modern creation since it meets the needs of a specific market of spicy and chocolate fans by combining both cayenne, a spice, and chocolate, a sweetener. The business also is known for using premium ingredients in all of the chocolates it offers. The business not only offers a flexible return policy, which gives customers a full refund guarantee if they end up disliking the spicy truffles but also facilitates trial purchases for customers interested in the spicy chocolates. The company also uses personal notes in the Web site orders in order to build customer satisfaction. Some of the critical weaknesses of Cowgirl Chocolates include having a high production cost, not having a tailored mission statement for this specific business, and lacking focus. Cowgirl Chocolates has to pay a lot of money for the packaging, ingredients, and travel expenses to make the hot caramel dessert sauce. The business also is unfocused because of weak distribution, there is no product definition or market research, and the target market is thus dispersed due to not having a properly defined consumer base. Yes, the weaknesses can be overcome by the strengths of the business if the business spends time focusing on the weaknesses listed in order to build a more successful small business. 2. Using the total product view, describe the â€Å"hot and spicy chocolate truffle† offered by Cowgirl Chocolates? Based on this product view do you think this product will be readily accepted by consumers? Why or why not? The â€Å"hot and spicy chocolate truffle† offered by Cowgirl Chocolates were offered in several flavors such as plain chocolate, mint, orange, lime tequila, and espresso. The plain chocolate, mint, and orange truffles were wrapped in gold wrappers, the lime tequila truffles were wrapped in green wrappers, and the espresso truffles were wrapped in red wrappers in order for the customer to recognize that this truffle was extra spicy and hot. Personally, I believe the packaging of the truffles is not fully understandable because red does denote something hot, while the other flavors wrappers don’t fully translate to being hot and spicy. The truffles were also available in gift boxes, drawstring muslin bags, a collectible tin, and also in a plastic bag if the customer chose to purchase the truffles on the Cowgirl Chocolates website. Personally, I do not believe that consumers will readily accept this product because the general market of consumers will more than likely purchase sweet, milky chocolates over hot and spicy chocolates. The purchase of Cowgirl Chocolates fully depends on whether the consumer likes the taste rather than attractive packaging and different experience. 3. What market do you think the â€Å"hot and spicy truffles† is competing in—the hot and spicy food market, the chocolate candy market, the gift niche market, or other? Personally, I believe the â€Å"hot and spicy truffles† are competing in the chocolate candy market because when one thinks of the name â€Å"Cowgirl Chocolates† the word â€Å"chocolate† comes to mind rather than hot and spicy. The hot and spicy food market is strongly associated with spices, sauces, Mexican foods, and Spanish influenced foods. Cowgirl Chocolates thus seems more likely to be successful in the chocolate candy market rather than the hot and spicy food market due to the unique packaging of the truffles, the brand name given to the product, and the premium ingredients and price. 4. What is your assessment of Marilyn’s promotional efforts? In order for Marilyn to increase the sale of her chocolates, should she use a push or pull communication strategy? Personally, I believe that Marilyn has been very effective with her promotional efforts in order to create customer demand. Through the use of her award-winning recognition for packaging at various art shows, advertising in her local newspaper, the Soviet Awards recognition of her unique and tasty products, and presence and involvement with Seattle Chocolates have thus far helped bring some awareness for her product. In order for Marilyn to increase the sale of her chocolates, she should use a pull communication strategy because the more publicity she is able to gain for product and creative packaging, the greater awareness she will thus be able to gain for her business. 5. As you examine Exhibit 2, you will note that Cowgirl Chocolates offers several gift packages (1/4 pound, 1/2 pound, 1 lb., gift bucket, gift basket, nothing fancy) that range in suggested retail prices from $8. 95 to $59. 95. Given these price and packaging alternatives what type of product (convenience, shopping, or specialty) is Cowgirl Chocolates? Based on this classification would the buyer decision more likely to be a routine, limited or complex decision? Explain your reasoning. Given these price and packaging alternatives I believe Cowgirl Chocolates are specialty products because they are more expensive and thus for the most part exclusively distributed in either specialty stores or gift stores. By classifying Cowgirl Chocolates as specialty products, buyer decision would more likely be a limited decision because it requires putting though in the shopping process and therefore the decision whether to purchase or not purchase the product the product takes place in a store environment where the display of the products is thus very important to whether or not the customer will thus end up purchasing the product. 6. The suggested retail price and wholesale prices of Cowgirl Chocolates products are displayed in Exhibit 2 along with the product and packaging costs. Based on this information, discuss the relative merits of using a cost-based, demand-based, or competition based pricing method. The relative merits of using a cost-based, demand-based, or competition based pricing method include recognizing the that the retail prices are pretty much double the wholesale price. Thus, the combined packaging costs and the imported chocolate make these high-quality products very costly even before markups on the products are made at both the wholesale and retail level. Similarly, when one compares the price of for example, the half pound tin, that seems very expensive when compared to a 24 pack of Lindor Chocolate Truffles which costs $12. 00 a bag. 7. Construct a table consisting of the generic marketing mix strategies. Based on what you know about Cowgirl Chocolates, what marketing mix plan would you recommend to Marilyn and why? Based on what I know about Cowgirl Chocolates, I would recommend gift purchases to Marilyn because gift purchases are strongly influenced by both situational and temporary conditions, which thus allow for numerous opportunities to purchase Cowgirl Chocolates. Furthermore, these chocolates are very appropriate to give to a male consumer because research shows that men like hot and spicy foods more so than women. Cowgirl Chocolates would also be a good small gift to someone hosting a party or a dinner since a lot of consumers look around for a small gift in order to say thank you to the hostess.? 8. For a small business like Cowgirl Chocolates, what benefits and/or potential problems does a website offer? For a small business like Cowgirl Chocolates, a website offers both benefits and potential problems. The benefits include providing Marilyn the opportunity to build an online customer database and a database with customers who are thus repeat customers. Another benefit includes the business Cowgirl Chocolates to gain online awareness by being features on the appropriate online portals like chocolate candies and unique gift products. The potential problems include the possibility of sales increasing online and Marilyn thus must figure out a way to manage the increasing demand which might include having to pay additional costs in both packaging and shipping and additional labor costs in order to prepare the packages.

The Top 10 Unsolved Questions in Economics

The Top 10 Unsolved Questions in Economics There are many problems in the economic world that have yet to be solved, and fortunately, Wikipedia  has compiled a list of the greatest ones to date - from what caused the Industrial Revolution to whether or not money supply is endogenous. Although great economists like Craig Newmark and members of the AEA have taken a stab at solving these tough issues, the true solution to these problems - that is to say the generally understood and accepted truth of the matter - has yet to come to light. To say a question is unsolved implies that the question potentially has a solution, in the same way 2x 4 8 has a solution. The difficulty is, most of the questions on this list are so vague that they cannot possibly have a solution. Nevertheless, here are the top ten unsolved economic problems. 1. What Caused the Industrial Revolution? Although there are many factors at play in causing the Industrial Revolution, the economic answer to this question has yet to be sussed out. However, no event has a single cause - the Civil War was not wholly caused by slavery and World War I was not wholly caused by the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand. This is a question without a solution, as events have numerous causes and determining which ones were more important than others naturally involves some subjectivity. While some might argue that a strong middle-class, mercantilism and the development of an empire, and an easily moveable and growing urban population who increasingly believed in materialism led to the Industrial Revolution in England, others might argue the countrys isolation from European continental problems or the nations common market led to this growth. 2. What Is the Proper Size and Scope of Government? This question again has no real objective answer, because people will always have differing views on the argument of efficiency versus equity in governance. Even if a population managed to fully understand the exact trade-off that was being made in each case, the size and scope of a government largely depend on its citizenrys dependence on its influence. New countries, like the United States in its early days, relied on a centralized government to maintain order and oversee rapid growth and expansion. Over time, it has had to decentralize some of its authority to the state and local levels in order to better represent its vastly diverse population. Still, some might argue the government should be larger and control more due to our reliance on it domestically and abroad. 3. What Truly Caused the Great Depression? Much like the first question, the cause of the Great Depression cant be pinpointed because so many factors were at play in the eventual crash of the United States economies in the late 1920s. However, unlike the Industrial Revolution, whose many factors also included advances outside of economy, the Great Depression was primarily caused by a catastrophic intersection of economic factors. Economists commonly believe five factors ultimately resulted in the Great Depression: the stock market crash in 1929, over 3,000 banks failing throughout the 1930s, reduction in purchasing (demand) in the market itself, American policy with Europe, and drought conditions in Americas farmland. 4. Can We Explain the Equity Premium Puzzle? In short, no we have not yet. This puzzle refers to the strange occurrence of returns on stocks being much higher than returns on government bonds over the past century, and economists are still baffled by what could truly be the cause. Some posit that either risk aversion may be at play here, or antithetically that large consumption variability accounted for the discrepancy in return capital. However, the notion that stocks are riskier than bonds isnt enough to account for this risk aversion as a means to alleviate arbitrage opportunities within a countrys economy. 5. How Is It Possible to Provide Causal Explanations Using Mathematical Economics? Because mathematical economics relies on purely logical constructions, some might wonder how an economist might use causal explanations in their theories, but this problem isnt quite that difficult to solve. Like physics, which can provide causal explanations like a projectile traveled 440 feet because it was launched at point x from angle y at velocity z, etc., mathematical economics can explain the correlation between events in a market that follow the logical functions of its core principles. 6. Is There an Equivalent of Black-Scholes for Futures Contract Pricing? The Black-Scholes formula estimates, with relative accuracy, the price of European-style options in a trading market. Its creation led to a newfound legitimacy of the operations of options in markets globally, including the Chicago Board Options Exchange, and is often used by participants of options markets to predict future returns. Although variations of this formula, including notably the Black formula, have been made in financial economic analyses, this still proves to be the most accurate prediction formula for markets around the world, so there is still yet to be an equivalent introduced to the options market. 7. What Is the Microeconomic Foundation of Inflation? If we treat money such as any other commodity in our economy and as such is subject to the same supply and demand forces, reason would suggest it would be just as susceptible to inflation as goods and services are. However, if you consider this question like one considers the question of which came first, the chicken or the egg, it may be best left as a rhetorical one. The basis, of course, is that we do treat our currency like a good or service, but where this originates doesnt truly have one answer. 8. Is the Money Supply Endogenous? Wikipedia follows up this question with a simple statement: Mainstream economics claims that it is; post-Keynesian economics claims that it is not. However, the issue isnt uniquely about endogeneity, which, strictly speaking, is a modeling assumption. If the question is properly constructed, I think this could be considered one of the key problems in economics. 9. How Does Price Formation Occur? In any given market, prices are formed by a variety of factors, and just like the question of the microeconomic foundation of inflation, theres no true answer to its origins, though one explanation posits that each seller in a market forms a price depending on probabilities within the market which in turn depends on the probabilities of other sellers, meaning that prices are determined by how these sellers interact with one another and their consumers. However, this idea that prices are determined by the markets overlooks several key factors including that some goods or service markets dont have a set market price as some markets are volatile while others are stable - all depending on the veracity of information available to buyers and sellers. 10. What Causes the Variation of Income Among Ethnic Groups? Much like the causes of the Great Depression and the Industrial Revolution, the exact cause of income disparity between ethnic groups cannot be pinpointed to a single source. Instead, a variety of factors ​are at play depending on where one is observing the data, though it mostly comes down to institutionalized prejudices within the job market, availability of resources to different ethnic and their relative economic groups, and employment opportunities in localities featuring varying degrees of ethnic population density.

Why has the membership of the major political parties declined in recent years Essay Example

Why has the membership of the major political parties declined in recent years Essay Example Why has the membership of the major political parties declined in recent years Essay Why has the membership of the major political parties declined in recent years Essay Essay Topic: Recent The membership of the major political parties has declined alarmingly in recent decades. In the 1950s, Labour had a million members and the Conservatives over two million, but nowadays they have 360,000 and 335,000 respectively. Parties are keen to recruit as many members as possible as they can provide important campaigning and financial support. There must be some wider reason for this phenomenon, as it did not affect just one party. Political apathy may be one factor, as people lose interest in the political system in general. Another possible reason could be the dissatisfaction the electorate feel towards the political parties of today. The class and party de-alignment arguments could also be used to explain this contrast with yesteryear- that the changes in the class system have left people unsure about whom their natural representatives are. The huge increase in floating voters may have something to do with this decline as well. Evans (1997) suggests another possibility, rather than people not participating in politics, this generation has shifted from party politics to supporting pressure groups. A politically apathetic electorate would have no interest in politics; therefore they would not join political parties. This state of mind has increased dramatically, possibly as a result of the move by the major parties in their stances. Moves, initially, by the Labour Party but subsequently by the Conservatives have left very little distinction between the parties. As the Labour Party shifted towards the centre under Blairs early leadership period, so did the Conservatives as a reaction against the Thatcher stereotype. This might have left the electorate feeling discontented, as there would not be as much political debate from two sides that operate so close to each other in their policies. Political apathy can be measured in a number of ways: party membership, turnout, and public opinion polls, although these are not completely reliable, as people might not vote for certain reasons and not join parties for reasons other than political apathy. Without a change in the attraction of politics and parties, this should not change. There would need to be more opportunity to get involved in politics than under the current political system, possibly an increase in referenda and initiatives. This might make the electorate more interested in politics, and consequently political parties. Parties and their politicians have also been given a poor image by the media in recent years, which may have resulted in people not supporting the political parties by not joining them. Incidents like the Neil Hamilton saga and the introduction of negative campaigning show politics up to be a dirty business and one that many people dont want to be a part of. The political parties have become much more centralised now, with less power allowed to the members, and this has been reflected by the membership figures. The politicians in comparison with the constituency groups now hold much more power and some people may think there is nothing to be gained from joining the parties other than funding something that they are not a part of. Party conferences, formerly a means of allowing the member a real vote, are now seen as a media charade. The de-centralisation of the main parties would probably considerably increase their membership, as the members would be in a position to have their say and not have their party managed by an elite. Traditionally, Labour has attracted working class support whereas the Conservatives have got their vote from the middle and upper class. However, according to Crewe (1977), following the emergence of an evolved class system, with a smaller working class, the traditional class boundaries have been eliminated with people making rational choices about their vote. This is the same with whichever party they are going to join, if any. People are not necessarily going to support their class representatives anymore. As these people become more sceptical and objective about the state of the different parties, so have the parties changed their policies to suit most people as opposed to their traditional voters. This has led to a loss of core support, and an increase in the floating vote. There is nothing to suggest that this trend of rational choice voting is going to change. On the contrary, if de-industrialisation continues, the movement towards rational choice voting would gather pace and membership figures would decrease further. For an election victory, the floating vote is very important but these voters will not join a party and will therefore not donate or participate in political activities. The floating electorate choose their affiliations in the short-term, and are the most objective of the different types of voters. Their only commitment is to the party that most attracts them with its various factors whose popularity can only be defined by the individual. They will not participate in party activities- such as assistance in election campaigns, donating money, etc. as they are not members. The increase in this group would explain any change in the party membership. During recent years, the trend has been to support single-issue groups as opposed to broad groups like political parties. In this pattern, there is a divide, where younger people are interested in these single-issue protest activities whereas the older generation are more dedicated to political party activity. Whereas only 6% of 15-34 year olds describe themselves as very interested in politics, 73% see themselves as particularly interested in the homeless situation, and similar proportions have concern about disabled rights, animal rights, and increased funding for the NHS. This could suggest that in the future party enrolment will decrease even more as the previous generation of party activists die out. In conclusion, there are five main reasons for the decline of party membership: an increase in political apathy, due in some considerable way to the move to the centre ground which has disillusioned more partisan support; the distrust surrounding politics, especially showed in the media coverage of sleaze and negative campaigning; the class-dealignment experienced by Britain as a result of de-industrialisation, which has left more people moving to a rational choice model of voting; this having resulted in an increase in floating voters who do not tie themselves down to one political party; and the younger generations tendency to be more interested in single-issue politics than the wide spectrum of issues in politics today. If the following continue as expected, party membership will decrease even further. To stop this movement, parties and the political system will need to change to allow the electorate a bigger role in political decision-making. It should be noted that these conclusions could also be used in the explanation of the decline in the faith of the electorate in the present political system.

Expanding an MNC Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Expanding an MNC - Assignment Example Finally this study will focus on future business strategy for ford to expand their business in China. Table of Contents The Ford Motor Company 4 Organizational Culture of Ford Motor 4 Environmental Scanning 5 Political 5 Economical 5 Social 5 Technological 6 Environmental 6 Legal 6 Entry Strategy 6 Political Risk 7 Implementation Strategy 7 References 9 The Ford Motor Company Ford motor company (FMC) is an iconic automobile manufacturer in the world. The company is headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, USA. It was founded in 1903 by Henry Ford, Horace E. Dodge and John F. Dodge. FMC was the most sold automobile brand across the world before World War II. Large scale car manufacturing concept was introduced by Ford motors in the year of 1914. Organizational Culture of Ford Motor Proper understanding of leadership skill and management is required to build a successful organization. Top management of the company believes in creating a sustainable environment for all. Ford has set a targe t to reduce 30 % CO2 emission from car within next eight years. The company tries to operate with a small but efficient workforce. They discontinued more than seven thousand underperforming employees in 2008. This is an example of strong leadership quality in terms of ability to take hard decisions. FMC has always tried to design product in a unique way. They use state of art technology to manufacture automobiles. Organizational culture of Ford can be described in three words- practical, innovative and one that believes in sustainable development (Seligman, n.d.) Environmental Scanning FMC is trying to enter Chinese automobile market. They need to analyze macro environment (considering political, economical, social, technological, legal, environmental condition of a particular country) before planning an entry strategy. Political Communist party is the ruling party in the country. Government has strong control over print media and electronic media. Political condition of the country is stable due to absence of any major opposition party. China has joined world trade organization (WTO) in 2001. The country has become more open in terms foreign investment after Joining WTO. It takes only thirty seven days to start a new business in china. This type of political condition will help FMC to grow their business in the country. Economical Chinese government has direct control over the financial institutes of the country. Government regulates Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) policy. Chinese government has cut down corporate tax rate last year. Ford has the opportunity to save huge amount of money due to low corporate tax policy of Chinese government (Viswanadham, & Balaji, n.d.). Social Literacy rate in china is more than 90% and most of the educated people are aware of international brands. Many international organizations have entered China in recent years. They have created employment opportunities for Chinese people. Disposable income of a customer has increased du e to rapid industrialization. Technological China is global leader in terms of technological development. Major achievements in the field of science and technology are, building the first atomic reactor, and hydrogen bombs, discovery of the Daqing Oilfield, synthesis of crystalline insulin, electronic collider, nuclear power stations etc. Government is trying to develop automobile industry with the help of foreign companies. This condition also supports the market entry

Figurative language versus literal language Essay - 1

Figurative language versus literal language - Essay Example Analogy is an inference conveyed from one person to another. It is essential in solving problems (Saeed, 2003). For example, the statement ‘I feel like a fish out of water’ means that a person is not at ease in the situation. The example fits where a person is not conversant with his setting. The example may be misunderstood communicating with a person with low intellect. A metaphor refers to a figure of speech that explains a matter by declaring that it is, when compared, similar with a distinct thing. For example, ‘success is a sense of achievement, it is not an illegitimate child’ is a statement employed to support the view that people want to be accredited for a successful situation through effort or coincidence, and reject it when it fails (Crystal, 1997). The example is significant when developing a project and it may be misunderstood after the outcome of a situation. A simile is an expression that precisely compares dissimilar components, frequently by using ‘as or like’ (Jackendoff, 1997). For example, ‘cute as a kitten’ may be used to compare the similarities between a person’s appearance and a kitten’s appearance. The example may be used to describe a child. It may be misunderstood when explaining behavior or physical appearance. A clichà © is a figure of speech that begins with an intelligent statement that turns out to be familiar. It highlights an idea or action which is predictable or expected on the basis of a previous happening (Crystal, 1997). For example, ‘time will tell’. This asserts there will be a revelation over time. It is appropriate when a person is keeping secrets. The example may lead to a misunderstanding during a translation. Amphiboly is a confusing grammatical composition within an extremely brief conversation or sentence (Jackendoff, 1997). For example, ‘teenagers should not be permitted to party. It is becoming unsafe on the streets’. The example is appropriate where adults are

An Economist's Account of the Existence of Moral hazard in the Essay

An Economist's Account of the Existence of Moral hazard in the healthcare sector, and describe the mechanisms necessary to tac - Essay Example However, it is argued that the existence of the excessive utilization of these systems is due to the absence of a financial barrier to control the demand, and presence of financial arrangements on the supply side, which enables providers to supply wasteful amounts. Generally, unregulated, competitive markets result in private health insurance, which contributes to the concept of more insurance, which helps reduce health risks, but at the same time, increases demand and cost. In this regard, Nyman (2003) argued that most economists view the idea of controlling the supply side as a possible way of alleviating this problem. With such deliberations, it has been difficult for both the policy makers and economists to measure the level of demand and supply considered ideal in the market. In light with this, initiatives have been formulated in order to counteract moral hazard. Consumer moral hazards counter policies In order for policies to respond to consumer moral hazards, various issues h ave to be put into consideration without necessarily focusing on financial ones. The use of primary-care doctors as the gateway to preventing overuse of hospital services has been endorsed by many high income countries (Culyer and Newhouse 2000). On the other hand, the same modality has been endorsed by lower income countries by way of using bare-foot doctors. Nevertheless, numerous measures have been designed to counteract consumer moral hazards. Co-payments Co-payments have been utilized by a number of countries to exert some financial burden on the consumer in order to discourage unnecessary use of health care. This involves several schemes, which differ on the basis of the financial arrangement (Sexton 2010). Nevertheless, individual scheme is composed of flat rate change for each unit of service, a deductable akin to excess, and co-insurance. One of the most notable contributions of co-payments comes from the famous health insurance implement (HIE). In this particular experimen t, families that participated in the experiment were randomly assigned one of the different free-for-service insurance plans. The free for service plans involved different levels of cost sharing. Covered expenses included most medical services. Another set of the plan involved free access to inpatient services. The outcome of the experiment indicated that utilization responds to amounts paid out of pocket. Per capita total expenses on the free recorded 45 percent higher than those on the plan with a 95 percent co-insurance, however, spending rates on the rest of plans was on average. On the other hand, outpatient expenses on the provided free plan recorded an increase of 67 percent higher than those on the 95 percent co-insurance plan. The findings from this experiment indicated that an increase in the user price will lead to a decrease in demand. In this regard, it is apparent that implementing charges would lead to doctors concentrating more on those who can afford to pay (Sexton 2010). However, the implication is that those more in need tends to have less access to services. This becomes the problem of the approach advocated by RAND study. This is arguably true because in aggravate, the figure of those more in need of service and able to pay is replaced by those less in need and unable to pay. The other important issue of concern is whether the response of demand for health care to adjustment in its prices is the same or different for several groups in society (Nyman 2003). It is also necessary to

Mercer Mayer Essay Example for Free

Mercer Mayer Essay Mercer Mayer was born in 1943, and has been writing and illustrating children’s books for almost forty years. As a child Mayor moved all the country with his family, because his father was in the Navy. I believe that this was an influential factor in determining his success. His pictures are drawn without signifying any particular region, which helps children to create an emotional attachment to the story. Mayor’s family settled down in Hawaii when he was a thirteen years old. He had attended the Honolulu Academy of the Arts for a year when he realized that he wanted to illustrate children’s books. He tells, I always liked to draw, and one day I decided I had nothing to lose, so I made a lot of sketches and began to peddle them. Mayer did this against the advice of his professors who believed that he didn’t have enough talent to succeed at it. In 1964, he moved to New York in an attempt to find work as an illustrator. While He received art training from the Arts Students League. After being turned down countless times, he was given advice from a harsh art director, insisting that he throw away his entire portfolio, because it was so terrible. As difficult as this was for Mayer to hear, he eventually took the man’s advice. With an empty portfolio, Mayer began to draw things that he remembered from his childhood, and shortly after he was chosen to illustrate his first book. Mayer’s first solo book was published, in 1967, and it was well-received by critics. It was a wordless book called A Boy, a Dog, and His Frog, and it was the first in a series of five. Mayer is given credit as being one of the creators of the wordless picture book. He continued for a while as an illustrator only, and completed the illustrations for almost 80 books. It was later on when he felt comfortable enough to add his own text to the drawings. One aspect of his style of illustrating is that he always includes humorous objects in the background of his pictures. My favorite example of this is Professor Wormbog in Search for the Zipperump-a-Zoo. The Little Critter books have many characters that are present in the background of the story but never mentioned in the text (such as the frog, mouse, and the spider). Frogs actually appear in many of his books, from his wordless series to the Little Critter books. The lines he uses to draw his nature scenes are usually nongeometric curves that convey a harmonious and lifelike feeling. His work has also been recognized for the detailed texture it displays. In Shibumi and the Kitemaker, his use of value to draw extravagant backgrounds and faces that practically glow allows the pictures to seem realistic and three dimensional. In 1973, Mayer and his wife Marianne bought a farm in Connecticut. On the farm they were surrounded by many animals and nature, which significantly influenced his work. All of Mayer’s books feature some part of the outdoors and nature in them. His illustrations routinely feature large trees that are drawn in great detail. All of the characters in his Little Critter series are animals and the main character lives outside the big city in a wooded area. Mayer began publishing with Golden Press after his first divorce, with Marianne, in 1978. With Golden Press he started the Little Critter and the Little Monster series. Children are able to create powerful links between themselves and his books because of all of the familiar situations he writes about, like going to bed (Just Go to Bed), overcoming your fears (There are Monsters Everywhere), or dealing with the frustration of constantly being told what to do and what not to do (When I Get Bigger and I Was So Mad). Mayer married his second wife, Jo, in 1979, and they had two children together. Mayer started working from his home in Bridgewater, Connecticut, surrounded by his two young children. This situation was most likely brought about another major theme in his works, family. Some particular titles in the Little Critter series where he has adventures with only one of his family members are: Just Me and My Dad, Just Grandma and Me, Just Me and My Mom, Just Grandpa and Me, The New Baby, and Just Me and My Cousin. In the other books, Critter usually relies on his family members to help him do things like bake a cake for his teacher (The Best Teacher Ever) or help doing his science fair poster (Just a School Project). Mercer Mayer’s main characters are usually independent, strong willed, and a bit on the rebellious/wild side. His characters aren’t afraid to take action and overcome obstacles in order to do what they know is the right. In The Queen Who Loved to Dance, after the King made it illegal to sing and dance, the Queen had to stop doing those things she enjoyed the most because even a queen must obey the law. In Shibumi and the kitemaker, Princess Shibumi knew that she must give up the comfortable life she led in the palace in order to help the poor people of her city. In There’s a Nightmare in My Closet, the main character is a boy who is absolutely terrified of what might be lurking behind the closet door. One night he decides that it is time to face his nemesis. In full armor and weapon in hand, the boy attacks his monster and makes the poor thing cry. Even though the boy is mad, he understands what it is like to be afraid and decides to let the monster sleep in his bed with him. Mayer received the National Book Festival Artist of the Year award in 2007. Contrary to what his professors thought, Mayer’s illustrations are very popular with all audiences. Mayer currently lives in Roxbury, Connecticut with his third wife Gina, with whom he co-writes many of the popular Little Critter books. He continues to draw inspiration from his grandchildren, who as he says, â€Å"Always remind me what it was like. † I am a big fan of Mercer Mayer’s writing and illustrations. However, the display of gender stereotyping is definitely an unfortunate part of the content in many of Mayer’s picture books. In Mayer’s Little Critter series the mom is almost always shown in the kitchen, doing laundry, or cleaning the house, whereas his dad is rarely depicted in the house. My favorite book of Mayer’s is Just a Mess, because my room is always a disaster. I remember one particular occasion when I was frantically searching for my softball cleats before a Little League game and couldn’t find them anywhere. I have always struggled with what goes along with growing up like being neat and organized, sleeping without the closet light on, going to bed at a decent hour, not juggling eggs, and other un-fun stuff. My favorite quote of Mayer’s is â€Å"It’s real fun to be an old kid. †

Marketing Plan For Tyrrells Potato Chips Marketing Essay

Marketing Plan For Tyrrells Potato Chips Marketing Essay The market for potato crisps in UK is a competitive market. It is very difficult to enter this market. Walkers is the biggest snack company in UK. There are also many competitors from domestic and international. For example, Pringle is a strong competitor for chips chips market. The recources, suppliers, buyers and customers were control by these big chips companies. However, the Tyrrells Potato Chips did. Since 2002, Tyrrells Potato Chips started to focus on a niche market of potato crisps; namely, the Premium Crisp market focusing on more affluent customers. The growth of the company is important for the companys owner. Tyrrells Chips is in a niche market, the chips are produce for specific group of customers. Therefore, the company need to meet these customers unique need. Firstly, customers from the higher social grades are slightly different from other general customers, they tend to spend more on better quality food. Tyrrells could use quality control to ensure their product meets a high standard and develop Tyrrells Potato Chips flavours. In addition, they need to find out more flavors of the chips, then evaluate which one can be accepted by these higher social grades customers. For example, develop the flavour of foie gras might more attractive for these customers than develop flavour of pork rind. The customers from higher social grades care about their health; especially female customers. The reason of this is ladies are more conscious of their weight and size. Customers who from higher social grades have more social events and formal meetings with people form the same grades. Tyrrells customers also need to care about their public images. That is a reason that customers from higher social grades usually do not want to try crisps. Therefore, Tyrrells Chips need to be produced by lower oiled and lower calories. The company need to develop the technique to produce a much healthier product. The Tyrrells Potato Chips customers are much more discerning buyers. Therefore, the company need to build the brand. Improve the customers loyalty of the brand. Though attract customers to join Tyrrells culture and build trust with their customers. In fact, regular customers is the most important group of people that Tyrrells should make. To Tyrrells, find out a solution that keep their customers consume Tyrrells Potato Chips regularly is more important than set a strategy that attract new customers. Branding is an important part of continued customer trust; however, the strength of retail brands is such that it is more and more difficult for newcomers to compete. Burt (2000) argues that grocers own brands are at least equal to those of manufacturers brands  [1]  . Therefore, Tyrrells needs to get their brand more recognised in order to compete in this tough market. Furthermore, these customers also need their foods have a premium price, in order to demonstrate their social grades. These customers prefer their foods are different from ordinary customers, they will not like to choose the same thing with ordinary customers, for example, Walkers crisps or Nandos Hot Peri Per. They want to choose something with premium price that can show their unique taste, even though the difference is so slightly that people can hardly recognize. Secondly, Tyrrells Potato Chips company still need to let their customers know what they really want customers know. The company should especially show their particular way to produce the chips. Including promote the advantages of Tyrrells Court Farm, which in the heart of the Herefordshire. In addition, how these advantages could influence the chips quality. Tyrrells also need to particular advertising their farm, which is local, reliable, and safe. The company also can let their customers know about their especial way of the hand-made chips, include which steps of the chips-making process are make by hand, in addition, why the company prefer hand-made rather than machine. For example, hand-made chips can ensure the chips thickness mostly the same, hand-made can also make sure the flavor is well mixed. Tyrrells could emphasis they are healthier food. They can show the science and technology research department, and assembly department though advertise. Furthermore, low fat, low oil, low calories need to be emphasised of the advertising process. The company also the feedback of the customers. Tyrrells customers usually come from higher social grades. These customers are sensitive, if these customers feel dissatisfied of the chips for several times, they might never buy Tyrrells again. The worse thing is, these customers might communicate with their social circle, it can make bad impressions for other customers. To Tyrrells, using price skimming strategy and focus on service can hold more customers from higher social grades. Finally, Tyrrells could through test the market to forecast the trend of the market. For Tyrrells, test the market seems the best way to know their new product can be accepted by their customers or not. They can test their new product in the best-selling place, for example, the test results from London Harrods, Selfridges and Fortnum Masons are more reliable than the results from Tesco Express. Task 2 To be a competitor in the chips market, Tyrrells need to seek the niche market of all the chips market. For this reason, Tyrrells Chips have to develop something that different from other competitors. Tyrrells market positioning is the particular chips for customers who from higher social grades or the discerning buyers. Thus, developing long-term relationship with these customers, improving customers loyalty and increasing the regular customers should be taken into account. As a firm that consider to construct a long-term strategy and structure, further develop long term customer relationship and equally long-term value with its customers, Tyrrells Chips might need to use marketing mix. The marketing mix is the set of controllable, tactical marketing tools that the firm blends to produce the response it wants in the target market.  [2]  Marketing mix could be suggested to Tyrrells Chips who depends on customers. Elements of the marketing mix are often categorized into Four Ps; Product, Promotion, Place and Price. Firstly, Tyrrells need to focus on their product: product is the most important thing in Tyrrells sale strategy. The firm have to control their chips quality and to invest in technology. Undoubtedly, Tyrrells customers want the chips can be the best chips in the market. They need the chips healthier. Thus, Tyrrells have to ensure their chips with much less oil, fats and calories. In addition, for Tyrrells niche market, service is another important element in product. Building closer relationship with customers can improve customers sense of regard. Tyrrells customers belong to higher social grades, these customers society are more refined and courteous. In this situation, service can be the most influential element to keep excellent customer relationship. For example, some customers might worried about the bad small with they speak after they have chips, in this situation, Tyrrells could put gum inside the chips package to solve this problem. Furthermore, Tyrrells should pay attention on packaging design. Customers who can buy Tyrrells Chips are discerning buyers, therefore, Tyrrells should use the package design to attract these customer. Classical type design should be the best choice for Tyrrells. These customers have their own standard and preference of aesthetic. Classical design might be the safest way. In the other hand, Tyrrells should extend their vision. It is beneficial for Tyrrells to develop new product, rather than only produce chips. The firm can expend their product line. Other snack foods can be developed with the same way. For example, some people might not like eat chips because the crisp sound, this sound can make other around people feel uncomfortable and disrespect. To make sure customers can taste Tyrrells anywhere, the firm can develop other puffed food with less sound. Secondly, Promotion should be taken seriously. It is necessary for Tyrrells to promotion themselves. Promotion is the effort to inform and persuade potential customers in order to accomplish the sale of the product, services, or ideas.  [3]  The core of promotion for Tyrrells is building brand awareness. Advertising might be the best and commonest way to promote Tyrrells Chips. The firm can advertise their product by TV, poster and other mediums. TV advertise might be the most widely way to promote Tyrrells Chips. However, TV advertising also have its disadvantages. Normally, luxury brands and other brands for higher social grades customers resist TV advertising. TV advertising is normally for mass market. Contrarily, Tyrrells target market is niche market. Thus, the firm should avoid using TV advertising to equate with cheap brands. Advertising with luxury or fashion magazines could be batter for Tyrrells. To link with these luxury brands inside the magazines, Tyrrells can improve their brand level. To co-operate or to sponsor relevante events is another way to promote Tyrrells Chips. Inviting customers to these events can show these customers more about Tyrrells. Tyrrells also can invite their customers have a family travel to the Tyrrells Court Farm, which in the heart of the Herefordshire countryside. Families can relax in the countryside, it is a good opportunity to promote Tyrrells culture to their customers. Firm can show how the potato have been planted, and also can show how the chips have been made by hand. This can build customers brand loyalty. Thirdly, Tyrrells Chips need to find out the place that is suitable for their market positioning. Tyrrells customers may not like to purchase chips in supermarkets like Tesco, ASDA, Morrisons. Luxury stores is more suitable for Tyrrells, for example, Selfridges, Harrods, FortnumMasons and Harvey Nichols. These luxury stores focus on the same grades of customers with Tyrrells. Therefore, customers in these luxury stores customers can be the target of Tyrrells. Another important tool that Tyrrells use is key account management. A simple definition of key account management is developing the nature of the customer relationship in order to enhance understanding and to identify the true opportunity; aligning the business resources to act on that enhanced understanding, in order to secure competitive advantage and to enhance profitability.  [4]  Using key account management to develop a closer relationship with key customers. Chips market is a market that strong dependence with big customers. Building a close relationship with these customers is very diffcult to start, however, when everthing get on the right track, it is very beneficial for Tyrrells to make a long-term strategy. Tyrrells should using this tool to build a close relationship. Tyrrells can not sell their chips in open market, or sell it by them self, they need to sell their pruducts by Harrods, Selfridges, Fortnum Masons, etc. Tyrrells should develop closer relationship with these customers with . Firstly, communcation should be emphasised. A successful communication can get information quicker and more efficient. Using new techinology to make communication more efficient is suitable for Tyrrells. For example, virtual communication tools can achieve communicate with these key customers from internal, rather than just sale department communicate with purchase department. Secondly, Tyrrells need to fulfill these customers need and response more quicker. Offer tailor-made services and products can close relationship with these big customers efficiency. Finally, feedback should not be ignored. Receiving feedback from internal of customers can detect how good that the strategy be done. When receive feedback from key accounts, can also make relationship one step forward. Tyrrells can also offer their products in transport. For example, business premier of Eurostar could be the first place to offer their chips. Tyrrells can also offer their chips in airline first-class, as a local airlines, British Airways and Virgin Atlantic can be the best choice to build partnerships. In addition, the food guide books in airplanes or trains in the first class can also promote their product as well. Finally, price might last important for Tyrrells. However, Tyrrells also need to control the price relevant with the market. Price also need to be taken seriously because price is the most intuitive factor to show Tyrrells Chips market position. Tyrrells through control the price to attract their target customers. Even though Tyrrells customers are less care about the price, Tyrrells Chips also need to connect the price with its worth, after all, price is an important factor in market economy. Task 3 Since 2002, Tyrrells Chips make a huge successful in crisps market. When Tyrrells enter crisps market, the niche market that Tyrrells need to focus on is premium crisps market. At year 2002, when Tyrrells Potato Chips enter the market, premium crisps represented about 21% of the total crisp market, but by 2007, five year later, premium crisps represented 29%  [5]  . That show the successful of Tyrrells enter the market, even it is difficult to enter, Tyrrells also take a position in the premium market. Since 2002, Tyrrells try to attracted new group of consumers. Tyrrells found out a specific way to produce and promote their chips, higher quality, and higher society grades. The eaters were changing from males to women who preferred low fat crisps.  [6]   From the year of 2002, Tyrrells enter crisps market as a fresh. The company operated very well in their target market. However, Tyrrells still weak of capital accumulation, 5 years past, Tyrrells still is a small company that offer products and services for small customers. Tyrrells did not expanse their target market, thus, it is difficult to increase their profit. Without capital accumulation, Tyrrells did not have enough budget to improve their products, services and promote. Moreover, it is very difficult to invest for the future. The firm also have no enough budget of market expansion. Inevitably, Tyrrells would be bought by investment group. Task 4 To build personal relationships with customers, Tyrrells need to focus on approach relationship marketing. relationship marketing orientation is more modern approaches relating to marketing orientation, have suggested a relationship marketing approach. this recognized the importance of retaining existing customers and developing relationships with stakeholder groups( e.g. suppliers, distributors, etc). the theory is based on the premise of building a relationship as opposed to simply generating transactions.  [7]   Relationship marketing is an approach that developed to improve transaction marketing. According the definition, the relationship marketing emphasis customers relationship and satisfaction, rather than a dominant focus on sales transactions. For Tyrrells, build personal relationship with customers need to be taken seriously. Communicating with customers is the best way to know customers needs. Further, in Tyrrells relationship marketing strategy, the firm should use bilateral communication rather than unilateral communication. It is beneficial for Tyrrells to share and communicate information with customers. In addition, Tyrrells need to co-operate with others, which can achieve win-win situation. The aims of co-operation is increase interest of every parts of chain rather than harm others interests. Tyrrells can achieve more via co-operating with others. Furthermore, emotion is another factor that influence relationship marketing. Relative to material needs, the firm also need to satisfy customers emotional needs. Tyrrells need to meet customers both material and emotional expectation in order to achieve customer satisfaction. Finally, people are different. Firm should develop a closer relationship with different personality by different solution. For example, developing closer relationship with women Tyrells. The women need to feel connected to the brand. This can be done with personalised electronic communications. It can make women feel more like a family than just transaction. However, developing closer relationship with men should communicate shortly and with points. Concise conversation can let gentlemen feel comfortable. Tyrrells also need to track customers attitude immediately. To develop immediately feedback from customers in order to control the relationship with customers. The major problem and core aim of relationship marketing is how to keep customers. Building customer loyalty is the main topic of relationship marketing. How can Tyrrells get customer loyalty in relationship marketing? Three easy step to achieve this. Firstly, seeking target customers needs. Firm need to analysis customers needs, and conclude client satisfaction. High quality of products, friendly services and comfortable shopping experience are which the factors might influence Tyrrells customers preference. Focus on customers satisfaction can bring tangible( returned customers) and intangible assets( promote firm to others). Secondly, fulfill these needs and ensure customer satisfaction. Tyrrells can achieve customers satisfaction with these ways: providing high quality and satisfactory products and services, providing additional benefits and providing efficient communication approach. For example, customers may not satisfied current little flavors, when Tyrrells got this information, then the firm need to develop more flavors. Finally, for Tyrrells niche market, the essence of market competition is how to keep the customer resources. To keep existing customers is more important than attract new customers for Tyrrells. Thus, building customers loyalty can bring lots benefits. In relationship marketing, the main problem is how to build and keep long-term and interdependent relationship with customers, suppliers or distributors. Therefore, Tyrrells need to communicate with others initiatively. This can share the information quickly, in addition, firm can provide services to their customers or solve the problems with suppliers and distributors. Finally, firm need to perform their promises and commitments. It is very difficult to build trust relationship in market behaviour, because all the firm in the market want to maximum their profits. However, Tyrrells is in a niche market which offer chips for higher society grades, these customers usually shopping with consumption inertia, thus, how to obtain customers trust is more important for Tyrrells. Usually, fulfilling commitments can achieve high degree of mutual trust. If the firm promise to their customer, therefore, no matter what happend and how hard to achieve it, Tyrrells have to perform this promise. Even though sometimes Tyrrells might get loss, as return, it can increase customers trust and loyalty. Task 5 As a rapidly developing company, Tyrrells need to invest more in promotion. To be a competitive company in this modern society, Tyrrells Potato Chips should build brand awareness. In the year 2009, a French luxury fashion design label Christian Lacroix prepare to bankruptcy. French design house Christian Lacroix has reportedly filed for voluntary bankruptcy as the label seeks to protect itself from an onslaught of creditors  [8]  At the same time, another luxury fashion design label Christian Dior still made considerable net income 796 millions Euro in 2008  [9]  . Even though people believed economic crisis is direct cause for the CL bankruptcy, however, other luxury labels like CD, Chanel, etc. still can made profits in that year. CL can design the same quality of dress with CD or Chanel, some time CLs design may more beautiful than others. However, the unsuccessful promotion is another main reason of CLs bankruptcy. Generally, promotion is communicating with the public in an attempt to influence them toward buying your products and/or services.  [10]  Shortly, the main objective of promotion is let firms target consumer know the brands which firm want consumers know. For Tyrrells, promotion can be achieved through various ways. As a famous chips manufacturer, Tyrrells should promote their chips brand in any relevant domains. For example, to be a sponsor of The Royal Welsh Show. Through sponsor for these show, Tyrrells can promote their business philosophy. healthy, premium and skilled. In addition, Tyrrells also can host society events, through communicate with consumers, to promote firms philosophy. Advertising is another communication tool that deliver messages to customers. As a main communication tool, advertise is a good way to promote the brand, also a effective way as well. Coca-Cola has long been recognized as the worlds most valuable brand. Its current value: $55 billion.  [11]  Advertising is an important factor that help Coca-Cola achieve this. In every Olympic Games, Coca-Cola will advertise their brand. In Atlanta 1996 summer Olympic, Coca-Cola advertised in any relevant area. The third quarter of 1996, Coca-Colas sale revenue increased 21%  [12]  . At the same time, as Coca-Colas biggest competitor, Pepsis profit decreased 77%  [13]  . This is a good instance for Tyrrells, Tyrrells should not content of current advertisement. Tyrrells can advertise on famous food magazine, like Restaurant Magazine. Luxury fashion magazine should be considered as well, Harpers Bazaar and Vogues could be good choices. In addition, invite gastronome and celebrity endorsements is another good way to advertise Tyrrells Chips. Even though Tyrrells do not have a big budget, they still need to highlight their advertising strategy. Omnipresent adversting is not very suitable for Tyrrells. One thing Tyrrells need to do is to aim their targets, key customers, affluent customers. It is more useful to adversting the point rather than adversting wide. Public relations is a communication tool that the firm use to building trust with public. The main mission of PR is how to maintain firms healthy image. Firstly, to be honest or at least let public think you are honest. Integrity is an important element for confidence-building. In the year 2009, Toyota was the largest car manufacturer in the world  [14]  . When customers complaints about Prius break problem and Toyota decided to repair those cars, it was already too late, Toyota lost the trust from consumers. Putting aside political factors, unresponsive public relations department might put the last straw on Toyota, to pull the firm into this passive situation. This is a bitter lesson for Toyota, however, Tyrrells can learn a lot from this case. Tyrrells should communicate with customers more efficient. Public relations department should receive the public problem Immediately. Then control and solve the problem as quickly as they can. Public trust is very easy to loss but hard to get, therefore, PR department should good at controlling the problem and make sure it will not be proliferated. Finally, Tyrrells should good at using a communication tool called internet marketing. Marketing on the internet is slightly different from real world. For Tyrrells, Marketing on the internet is promoting to young customers. Tyrrells can co-operate with social website like Facebook, Youtube or Twitter. For example, company can sponsor virtual farm on Facebook to attract young people, they can also use Twitter to push their voucher to customers. Tyrrells can collect customers email through using Tyrrells website log on system. The advantage is, Tyrrells can deliver their new message to the specific group of customers( younger, older,male, female, etc.). Disadvantage is, these emails might be marked by spams. Internet is not just promoting, customers could also shop online. Online shop can make transactions more flexible. When customers want to buy huge packages of chips, they can purchase a box of Tyrrells Chips online. It is very strange to purchase a box of chips, but when online shopping, customers do not need to worried about this. Online shopping also can make customers more flexible. For example, when customer shopping at Harrods, he want to purchase 5 packages of flavor Lightly Sea Salted, 5 packages of Sweet Chilli Red Pepper, it might very difficult to carry. However, online shopping can solve this problem. Chips are not clothes, sometimes customers do not need to fit them.